Identification
of academic ideas/ topics for the preparation of a theoretical framework: on housing
affordability
The note provides some illustration of identifying potential
academic ideas, including academic topics, that could be considered by a
researcher in housing studies to construct a theoretical framework. Such a
theoretical framework can then be employed in the agile literature review
approach (ALRA). There are five academic articles examined in this note.
Academic theme:
housing affordability
Article 1
Luc
Borrowman, Gennadi Kazakevitch & Lionel Frost (2017) How long do households
remain in housing affordability stress?, Housing
Studies, 32:7, 869-886, DOI: 10.1080/02673037.2017.1280140.
Abstract:
We develop a model that specifies the duration of housing affordability
stress for particular types of households. Using panel data from Australia,
households are considered in semi- and parametric analysis against different
household characteristics, revealing whether these characteristics predict the
duration of housing affordability stress. For most types of households, an
experience of housing affordability stress lasts less than one year. A group of
household types disproportionately made up of renters and sole persons remains
in stress for longer periods. Chronic housing affordability stress occurs if
the duration of stress lasts for more than three years. Linking the duration of
stress to household types, and demographic, financial and educational
characteristics makes it possible to design more targeted, and therefore more
efficient housing affordability policies.
Academic
ideas used: Housing
affordability; duration of housing stress; household budget
Article 2
Marietta
E. A. Haffner & Harry J. F. M. Boumeester (2010): The Affordability of
Housing in the Netherlands: An Increasing Income Gap Between Renting and
Owning?, Housing Studies, 25:6,
799-820.
Abstract:
Housing became more expensive in the Netherlands between 2002 and
2006, a trend which has been demonstrated using various measures of
affordability. The expenditure-to-income ratios calculated for households
confirm that the average cost of housing rose for tenants and homeowners, as
well as for most income groups generally. This contribution analyses the development
of various components of household expenditure which contributed to these
higher ratios. One of the most important considerations here is the fact that
average household disposable incomes either fell (tenants) or remained stable
(homeowners) during the four-year period under review. This leads to the
question of whether these increasing income differences between renting and
owning can be attributed to the business cycle alone, or whether they are part
of a longer-term trend that will eventually result in a rental sector that
provides housing for those on lower incomes. The findings suggest that a
longer-term or structural widening of the income gap between renting and owning
may indeed be taking place.
Academic
ideas used: affordability;
expenditure-to-income ratio; income inequality
Article 3
Michael E. Stone (2006) A Housing Affordability Standard for the
UK, Housing Studies, 21:4, 453-476,
DOI: 10.1080/02673030600708886.
Abstract:
Since 1990 there has been extensive exploration of the meaning of
housing affordability by members of the academic, professional and advocacy
communities in Britain. These debates have revealed weaknesses in the
traditional ratio standard of affordability and led to arguments in support of
an alternative, residual income concept of affordability. However, so far there
has been only limited success in operationalising and applying the residual
income approach in the UK. In the US, by contrast, arguments in support of a
residual income approach to housing affordability emerged in the late 1960s and
early 1970s, culminating in the formulation of operational standards utilising
normative family budgets. This paper draws upon the US experience to formulate
a residual income housing affordability standard for the UK that utilises the
non-shelter components of the Family Budget Unit (FBU) ‘Low Cost but Acceptable’
budgets as the normative standard for minimum adequate residual income. The
paper concludes by suggesting how use of such a ‘shelter’ poverty standard to
assess housing affordability problems and needs in the UK might yield results
that differ from those based on the ratio standard.
Academic
ideas used: Housing
affordability; residual income; shelter poverty
Article 4
Gavin Wood & Rachel Ong (2011) Factors Shaping the Dynamics of
Housing Affordability in Australia 2001–06, Housing
Studies, 26:7-8, 1105-1127, DOI: 10.1080/02673037.2011.615156.
Abstract: This paper investigates factors
shaping the dynamics of housing affordability in Australia over the period 2001–06.
Panel model findings indicate that those with children and the unwaged are more
prone to persistent housing affordability stress. However, residential moves during
spells of housing affordability stress alleviate housing cost burdens. Survival
in affordable housing has become progressively more difficult over the 2001–06
timeframe, an unsurprising finding given a house price boom over the period of
analysis. Residential moves are again influential, but those made by households
during a spell in affordable housing are associated with the onset of housing
affordability stress.
Academic
ideas used: Housing
affordability dynamics; housing affordability stress
Article 5
Andrew Beer , Bridget Kearins & Hans Pieters (2007) Housing
Affordability and Planning in Australia: The Challenge of Policy Under
Neo-liberalism, Housing Studies,
22:1, 11-24, DOI: 10.1080/02673030601024572.
Abstract: Housing affordability has once again appeared
on the policy agenda of Australian governments. House prices have risen in
response to booming demand and constraints on the supply of dwellings,
especially a shortage of land in the capital cities and skill shortages within
the housing industry. Many young and low-income households have experienced
great difficulty in gaining access to homeownership and in being able to afford
private rental housing. This paper briefly considers the characteristics of
public debate around housing affordability in Australia. It examines the role
of neo-liberalism in shaping policy responses to housing affordability problems
and assesses the argument that affordability goals can be achieved through
manipulation of the planning system. It contends that neo-liberal philosophies
of government direct policy action to the planning system, but such strategies
have a limited capacity to improve housing affordability. Australian
governments need to adopt more effective housing policies if they are to meet
the needs of the 700 000 to 1 million households who live in unaffordable
housing.
Academic
ideas used: Housing
affordability; neo-liberalism, planning
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