A table produced by me based on my reflection on recent teaching experience
Shallow education vs Deep education
Shallow education
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Deep education
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On participants (students, teachers and the education centres)
· Transaction-oriented
· Motivated by low-level needs in terms of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
· Focus on outputs, e.g. a pass and a recognized degree from a university with good ranking
· Individualistic
· Myopic
· As an economic agent
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On participants (students, teachers and the education centres)
· Development-oriented
· Motivated by high-level needs in terms of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
· Focus on processes and the experience
· Collectivist
· Farsighted
· As a cultivator
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On the education process
· Requires shallow thinking in study
· Operate as commercial activity
· Based on a relationship of service-provider(s) and customer(s)
· The study process should be trouble-free and risk free
· Need to guard against unfair practices, e.g. cheating in exam and plagiarism
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On the education process
· Requires deep thinking in study
· Operate as a humanistic/ developmental process
· Based on a relationship of mentor(s) and protégé
· The study process should be inspiring and enjoyable
· Need to guard against calculating mindset
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