An example of method-decomposing on the coding method in grounded theory

An example of method-decomposing on the coding method in grounded theory

On 8 main ideas of the coding method (notably, from open coding to axial coding, to selective coding) of the grounded theory, and describe 2 claims of this method in terms of Toulmin's model of argument.

Grounded theory's coding method, developed by Glaser and Strauss and refined by Strauss and Corbin, progresses through open, axial, and selective coding stages to build theory inductively from data. Here are its eight main ideas, followed by two key claims analyzed via Toulmin's model.

Coding Stages

·        Open coding breaks raw data into discrete concepts by line-by-line analysis, labeling events, actions, and ideas as initial codes.

·        Constant comparison runs throughout, pitting data against data, codes against codes, and categories against categories to refine emerging ideas.

·        Axial coding links open codes around axial categories, exploring causal conditions, contexts, strategies, and consequences via a coding paradigm.

·        Selective coding identifies a core category that integrates all others into a cohesive theory, validating relationships across the data.

·        Theoretical sampling guides ongoing data collection based on emerging codes, ensuring saturation rather than exhaustive coverage.

·        Theoretical saturation halts analysis when new data yields no fresh insights, confirming category stability.

·        Memo-writing captures reflections, code-category links, and theoretical hunches to track the emergent theory.

·        Iterative flexibility allows fluid movement between stages, prioritizing data-driven discovery over rigid sequence.

Claim 1: Inductive Theory Building

Grounded theory generates robust theories directly from empirical data without preconceived hypotheses.
Toulmin Analysis:
Claim: The coding method produces valid, emergent theories superior to deductive approaches.
Grounds: Open-to-selective progression yields patterns via constant comparison, as seen in studies deriving novel social processes from interviews.
Warrant: Inductive saturation ensures comprehensive coverage, linking micro-data to macro-theory through iterative refinement.

Claim 2: Rigor in Qualitative Analysis

The method imposes systematic structure on subjective data, enhancing replicability and credibility.
Toulmin Analysis:
Claim: Grounded theory coding rivals quantitative methods in analytical rigor.
Grounds: Defined stages (e.g., axial paradigm) and saturation criteria provide audit trails, unlike unstructured thematic analysis.
Warrant: Constant comparison as a causal logic bridges discrete codes to integrated theory, mirroring scientific falsification.

Relevant links: on ALRA 2026.

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