Friday, 31 October 2025

Asking perplexity to perform a preliminary simple literature review on a research task: for Housing Studies students

Asking perplexity.ai to perform a preliminary simple literature review on a research task: for Housing Studies students


My question: "I am a part-time Housing Studies student, currently learning the subject of Research Project. With regard to my research task of "to evaluate the quality of residential life of the elderly residents in the public housing estate of Tsuen Wan, Hong Kong in 2025", please recommend 4 academic theories that are useful to study this task, offer a few justifications why they are useful. In addition, please provide 2 references for each of the 4 academic theories mentioned in Harvard reference format."

The reply: "Based on recent academic literature and relevant findings related to evaluating the quality of residential life for elderly residents in public housing estates, especially in contexts like Hong Kong, here are four recommended academic theories useful for your research task:

  1. Environmental Press Theory

    • Justification: This theory posits that there is an optimal fit between the individual's competence and the environmental demands (press) for wellbeing. It is highly applicable to public housing settings where design factors such as space planning, accessibility, noise, and indoor environmental quality affect elderly residents' quality of life. It helps explain how modifications in the physical environment can improve or impair residential satisfaction and wellbeing.

  2. Quality of Life (QOL) Theory

    • Justification: This broad theoretical framework assesses subjective and objective factors impacting overall life satisfaction and well-being, including health, social relationships, and environmental factors. It is central to evaluating the elderly's residential life quality by linking housing conditions, social support, and personal well-being.

  3. Housing Satisfaction Theory

    • Justification: Housing satisfaction is a key component of residential quality of life, focusing on residents' subjective evaluations of their housing conditions. For elderly residents, housing satisfaction correlates strongly with physical housing quality, community environment, and social connections, making this theory valuable for targeted evaluations in public housing estates.

  4. Aging in Place Theory

    • Justification: This theory emphasizes enabling elderly individuals to remain in their own homes and communities as they age, supported by suitable housing design, social services, and community integration. It connects well to public housing policies and the provision of elder-friendly facilities that promote independence and quality residential life.


References for Each Theory (Harvard Format)

Environmental Press Theory:

  • Lawton, M.P. and Nahemow, L., 1973. Ecology and the aging process. In The psychology of adult development and aging (pp. 619-674). American Psychological Association.

  • Gitlin, L.N., 2003. Conducting research on home environments: lessons learned and new directions. The Gerontologist, 43(5), pp.628-637.

Quality of Life (QOL) Theory:

  • Schalock, R.L., 2004. The concept of quality of life: what we know and do not know. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 48(3), pp.203-216.

  • Chiu, R.L., Wong, W.S. and Lee, S.M., 2002. The quality of urban housing in Hong Kong. Housing Studies, 17(5), pp.695-708.

Housing Satisfaction Theory:

  • Elsinga, M. and Hoekstra, J., 2005. Homeownership and housing satisfaction. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 20(4), pp.401-424.

  • Yau, Y., 2010. Sense of community and homeowner participation in housing management. Urbani Izziv, 21(1), pp.133-143.

Aging in Place Theory:

  • Wiles, J.L., Leibing, A., Guberman, N., Reeve, J. and Allen, R.E., 2012. The meaning of “aging in place” to older people. The Gerontologist, 52(3), pp.357-366.

  • Lee, S.W. and Leung, A.Y.M., 2024. Aging in Place in Hong Kong and Its Implications for Long-Term Care Policy. Sustainability, 16(3447), pp.1-18.

These theories provide a robust conceptual foundation to evaluate the multifaceted quality of residential life experienced by elderly residents in Tsuen Wan's public housing in 2025, covering environmental, social, individual, and policy dimensions."



A collection of blog notes on using chatgpt for research purpose.

A 3-step method to produce a proposal: for MBA students

3-step method to produce a dissertation proposal for the ALRA (the academic oriented type): for MBA students















For step 1 [a theme-formulation]: study this blog note

For step 2 [an initial partial proposal formulation]: study this blog note

For step 3 [a concrete and detailed proposal formulation: study this blog note


The green component is about a separate exploratory study to learn more about the academic and public media-related context as well as some relevant theories of the preliminary proposal topic. (re: the blog note).



*** Students should treat the proposal produced this way as a prototype; they need to critically review the prototype and come up with their own version of proposal, based on their own study effort.


Asking poe to produce a concrete dissertation proposal based on an initial partial proposal draft: for MBA students

Asking poe.com to produce a concrete dissertation proposal based on an initial partial proposal draft: for MBA students


My question 1: "I am a part-time MBA student learning the subject of Research Project. I have an initial partial dissertation proposal as follows:

"Title
"Exploring the Impact of Service Innovation on Customer Service Quality and Customer Delight in Hong Kong Boutique Hotels in 2025: A Pragmatic Mixed Methods Study"

Research Objectives
To examine how senior managers in Hong Kong boutique hotels perceive and implement service innovation strategies.

To identify the key factors influencing service innovation adoption and customer experience enhancement in Hong Kong boutique hotels.

To assess the relationship between service innovation initiatives and perceived customer service quality and delight.

To explore customer perceptions of service innovation and its impact on their overall experience and satisfaction with boutique hotels in Hong Kong.

Research Questions
How do senior managers in Hong Kong boutique hotels perceive the role of service innovation in shaping customer service quality and delight?

What are the key drivers and barriers to implementing service innovation in Hong Kong boutique hotels?

How do customers perceive service innovation activities in boutique hotels, and what effect do these activities have on their satisfaction and delight?

Brief Research Methodology
This study will employ a pragmatic mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques aligned with the research objectives and philosophical stance.

Qualitative Method: Semi-structured interviews with four senior managers from selected boutique hotels in Hong Kong. The interviews will explore their perceptions, strategies, and challenges related to service innovation and customer service enhancement. Data will be thematically analyzed to identify common themes and insights into innovation processes and managerial perspectives.

Quantitative Method: A questionnaire survey conducted among friends and acquaintances who are customers of boutique hotels in Hong Kong, using convenience sampling. The survey questionnaire, constructed with the questionnaire tool from Shout (the survey tool maker) is to be distributed by email. The survey will measure customer perceptions of service innovation, service quality, and customer delight. The data analysis method to use is the multidimensional data analysis with MS Excel pivot table.

Desk Research: Secondary data collection from industry reports, media articles, and academic publications to contextualize findings, identify industry trends, and support the interpretation of primary data. This will include recent media reports on Hong Kong's hospitality industry, especially regarding innovation, market recovery, and customer experience trends in 2025."

In addition, I would like to apply 2 academic theories on each of the following topics involved in this dissertation project: service innovation, customer service quality, customer delight. Based on these additional information, please produce a dissertation proposal to me, with project title, research objectives, research issues, research methodology and a timeline. Tks."

The reply: "

Dissertation Proposal

Title

Exploring the Impact of Service Innovation on Customer Service Quality and Customer Delight in Hong Kong Boutique Hotels in 2025: A Pragmatic Mixed Methods Study

Research Objectives

  1. Perception and Implementation: To examine how senior managers in Hong Kong boutique hotels perceive and implement service innovation strategies.

  2. Key Factors: To identify the key factors influencing service innovation adoption and customer experience enhancement in Hong Kong boutique hotels.

  3. Relationship Assessment: To assess the relationship between service innovation initiatives and perceived customer service quality and delight.

  4. Customer Perception: To explore customer perceptions of service innovation and its impact on their overall experience and satisfaction with boutique hotels in Hong Kong.

Research Questions

  1. How do senior managers in Hong Kong boutique hotels perceive the role of service innovation in shaping customer service quality and delight?

  2. What are the key drivers and barriers to implementing service innovation in Hong Kong boutique hotels?

  3. How do customers perceive service innovation activities in boutique hotels, and what effect do these activities have on their satisfaction and delight?

Theoretical Framework

Service Innovation

  • Diffusion of Innovations Theory: This theory will help examine how new ideas and technologies are adopted in the boutique hotel sector.
  • Service-Dominant Logic: This framework views service as the fundamental basis of exchange and can help in understanding how innovations enhance value co-creation.

Customer Service Quality

  • SERVQUAL Model: This model assesses service quality by measuring the gap between customer expectations and perceptions across various dimensions.
  • Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory: This theory will be utilized to analyze how customer expectations influence their perceptions of service quality.

Customer Delight

  • Customer Satisfaction Theory: This theory will provide insights into how satisfaction leads to delight and the factors that elevate customer experiences.
  • Emotional Attachment Theory: This framework can help explain how emotional connections foster delight among customers in boutique hotels.

Research Methodology

This study will employ a pragmatic mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques aligned with the research objectives and philosophical stance.

Qualitative Method

  • Semi-structured Interviews: Conduct interviews with four senior managers from selected boutique hotels in Hong Kong. The interviews will explore their perceptions, strategies, and challenges related to service innovation and customer service enhancement.
  • Data Analysis: Thematic analysis will be used to identify common themes and insights into innovation processes and managerial perspectives.

Quantitative Method

  • Questionnaire Survey: A survey will be conducted among friends and acquaintances who are customers of boutique hotels in Hong Kong, using convenience sampling.
  • Survey Tool: Constructed with the questionnaire tool from Shout, the survey will measure customer perceptions of service innovation, service quality, and customer delight.
  • Data Analysis Method: Multidimensional data analysis will be performed using MS Excel pivot tables.

Desk Research

  • Secondary Data Collection: Gather data from industry reports, media articles, and academic publications to contextualize findings, identify industry trends, and support the interpretation of primary data. This will include recent media reports on Hong Kong's hospitality industry, focusing on innovation, market recovery, and customer experience trends in 2025.

Timeline

TaskDurationCompletion Date
Literature Review4 weeksWeek 4
Design Research Instruments2 weeksWeek 6
Conduct Qualitative Interviews3 weeksWeek 9
Analyze Qualitative Data2 weeksWeek 11
Distribute Quantitative Survey2 weeksWeek 13
Analyze Quantitative Data2 weeksWeek 15
Desk ResearchOngoing throughoutWeek 16
Compile Findings3 weeksWeek 19
Draft Dissertation4 weeksWeek 23
Review and Revise2 weeksWeek 25
Final Submission1 weekWeek 26

This structured proposal outlines the key components of your research project, setting a clear path for your dissertation journey." 


My question 2: "Could you design a survey questionnaire for me (for the questionnaire survey) and 4 research interview questions for me (for the semi-structured interview)? Tks."

The reply: "Here’s a survey questionnaire and interview questions tailored to your dissertation proposal.

Survey Questionnaire

Section 1: Demographic Information

  1. Age:

    • Under 18
    • 18-24
    • 25-34
    • 35-44
    • 45-54
    • 55 and above
  2. Gender:

    • Male
    • Female
    • Other
  3. Frequency of Boutique Hotel Visits:

    • Never
    • Once a year
    • 2-3 times a year
    • Monthly
    • Weekly

Section 2: Service Innovation Perception

  1. How aware are you of service innovation initiatives (e.g., digital check-ins, personalized services) in boutique hotels?
    (1 = Not at all aware, 5 = Very aware)

  2. To what extent do you believe service innovations enhance your overall hotel experience?
    (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much)

Section 3: Service Quality

  1. How would you rate the service quality in the boutique hotels you have visited?
    (1 = Very Poor, 5 = Excellent)

  2. What aspects of service quality do you consider most important? (Select all that apply)

    • Responsiveness
    • Reliability
    • Assurance
    • Empathy
    • Tangibles

Section 4: Customer Delight

  1. To what extent do you feel delighted after staying in a boutique hotel that implemented service innovations?
    (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much)

  2. Please rate your level of satisfaction with your overall experience at boutique hotels.
    (1 = Very Dissatisfied, 5 = Very Satisfied)

Section 5: Open-Ended Questions

  1. What specific service innovations have you experienced that contributed positively to your stay?

  2. In your opinion, what barriers do boutique hotels face in implementing service innovations?


Semi-Structured Interview Questions

  1. Can you describe your perception of the role that service innovation plays in enhancing customer service quality at your boutique hotel?
    Follow-up: Can you provide specific examples?

  2. What challenges do you encounter when implementing service innovation strategies in your hotel?
    Follow-up: How do you address these challenges?

  3. In your experience, what key factors influence the adoption of service innovations among your competitors in the boutique hotel sector?

  4. How do you gather and assess customer feedback regarding service innovations, and how does this feedback impact your service strategies?
    Follow-up: Can you share any specific instances where customer feedback led to changes in your service offerings?


Feel free to modify any questions to better suit your needs!"


My question 3: "Please indicate to me where the academic theories have been used to inform the 3 research method design in the proposal."

The reply: "

Theoretical Framework

Service Innovation

  • Diffusion of Innovations Theory: This theory will help examine how new ideas and technologies are adopted in the boutique hotel sector.
  • Service-Dominant Logic: This framework views service as the fundamental basis of exchange and can help in understanding how innovations enhance value co-creation.

Customer Service Quality

  • SERVQUAL Model: This model assesses service quality by measuring the gap between customer expectations and perceptions across various dimensions.
  • Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory: This theory will be utilized to analyze how customer expectations influence their perceptions of service quality.

Customer Delight

  • Customer Satisfaction Theory: This theory will provide insights into how satisfaction leads to delight and the factors that elevate customer experiences.
  • Emotional Attachment Theory: This framework can help explain how emotional connections foster delight among customers in boutique hotels.

Research Methodology

This study will employ a pragmatic mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques aligned with the research objectives and philosophical stance.

Qualitative Method

  • Semi-structured Interviews: Conduct interviews with four senior managers from selected boutique hotels in Hong Kong. The interviews will explore their perceptions, strategies, and challenges related to service innovation and customer service enhancement.
    • Informed by:
      • Service-Dominant Logic: Understanding how managers co-create value through service innovations.
      • Diffusion of Innovations Theory: Exploring their perceptions of adopting new innovations.

Quantitative Method

  • Questionnaire Survey: A survey will be conducted among friends and acquaintances who are customers of boutique hotels in Hong Kong, using convenience sampling.
    • Informed by:
      • SERVQUAL Model: To measure customer perceptions of service quality and identify gaps.
      • Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory: To assess how customer expectations influence their satisfaction and delight.

Desk Research

  • Secondary Data Collection: Gather data from industry reports, media articles, and academic publications to contextualize findings, identify industry trends, and support the interpretation of primary data.
    • Informed by:
      • Customer Satisfaction Theory: To understand industry trends related to customer satisfaction and delight.
      • Emotional Attachment Theory: To contextualize findings related to emotional connections in customer experiences."



For your reference: a 3 step method to produce a dissertation proposal



** This note is an example on step 3 of the 3-step method.


A collection of blog notes on using chatgpt for research purpose.

Asking perplexity to come up with an initial partial proposal draft: for MBA students.

Asking perplexity.ai to come up with an initial partial proposal draft: for MBA students


My question 1: "I am working on my MBA dissertation proposal formulation. What I have is a concrete research theme: Exploring the Impact of Service Innovation on Customer Service Quality and Customer Delight in Boutique Hotels in Hong Kong in 2025. Could you suggest 2 research gaps and 2 Hong Kong public media-reported issues related to this research theme?"

The reply: "Two research gaps in exploring the impact of service innovation on customer service quality and customer delight in boutique hotels in Hong Kong in 2025 are:

  1. While there is research on service innovation in Hong Kong's service firms generally, there is limited recent empirical research specifically focusing on boutique hotels and how service innovation directly impacts customer service quality and customer delight in this niche segment. Most existing studies tend to focus on larger hotel chains or the broader hospitality sector without isolating boutique hotels as a unique context with distinct challenges and customer expectations.

  2. Another gap is the exploration of the role of digital and social media influencers in boutique hotel marketing and their influence on service innovation adoption and customer perceptions. The use of social media influencers is emerging in Hong Kong's boutique hotel marketing strategies, yet its connection to service innovation and customer delight outcomes has not been extensively studied.

Two Hong Kong public media-reported issues related to this research theme are:

  1. The highly competitive nature of the boutique hotel market in Hong Kong, where boutique hotels must rely on innovative service features, modern art, authentic local experiences, and global online reviews to differentiate themselves and attract customers in a market dominated by large chains and budget constraints.

  2. Hospitality sector challenges including reduced visitor spending, the impact of outbound travel trends, and fluctuating hotel occupancy rates impacting hotel revenues in Hong Kong in 2024-2025. These economic pressures may influence the capacity of boutique hotels to invest in service innovation and affect customer service quality and delight.

These gaps and issues highlight the relevance of your research in understanding how service innovation can be strategically harnessed within the boutique hotel segment in Hong Kong to enhance customer experiences despite competitive and economic challenges."


My question 2: "Based on these 2 research gaps and 2 research issues, as well as my research preference to use pragmatism, mixed methods research, a semi-structured research interview method on 4 senior managers working in Hong Kong boutique hotels, a questionnaire survey with convenience sampling on my friends (customer experience in the Hong Kong boutique hotels), and a desk research, please produce a dissertation proposal title, 4 research objectives, 3 research questions, a brief research methodology for me."

The reply: "Based on the gathered information and your specified research preferences, here's a comprehensive outline for your dissertation proposal:

Title

"Exploring the Impact of Service Innovation on Customer Service Quality and Customer Delight in Hong Kong Boutique Hotels in 2025: A Pragmatic Mixed Methods Study"

Research Objectives

  1. To examine how senior managers in Hong Kong boutique hotels perceive and implement service innovation strategies.

  2. To identify the key factors influencing service innovation adoption and customer experience enhancement in Hong Kong boutique hotels.

  3. To assess the relationship between service innovation initiatives and perceived customer service quality and delight.

  4. To explore customer perceptions of service innovation and its impact on their overall experience and satisfaction with boutique hotels in Hong Kong.

Research Questions

  1. How do senior managers in Hong Kong boutique hotels perceive the role of service innovation in shaping customer service quality and delight?

  2. What are the key drivers and barriers to implementing service innovation in Hong Kong boutique hotels?

  3. How do customers perceive service innovation activities in boutique hotels, and what effect do these activities have on their satisfaction and delight?

Brief Research Methodology

This study will employ a pragmatic mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques aligned with the research objectives and philosophical stance.

  • Qualitative Method: Semi-structured interviews with four senior managers from selected boutique hotels in Hong Kong. The interviews will explore their perceptions, strategies, and challenges related to service innovation and customer service enhancement. Data will be thematically analyzed to identify common themes and insights into innovation processes and managerial perspectives.

  • Quantitative Method: A questionnaire survey conducted among friends and acquaintances who are customers of boutique hotels in Hong Kong, using convenience sampling. The survey will measure customer perceptions of service innovation, service quality, and customer delight. Descriptive and inferential analyses (e.g., correlation, regression) will examine relationships between service innovation activities and customer satisfaction outcomes.

  • Desk Research: Secondary data collection from industry reports, media articles, and academic publications to contextualize findings, identify industry trends, and support the interpretation of primary data. This will include recent media reports on Hong Kong's hospitality industry, especially regarding innovation, market recovery, and customer experience trends in 2025.

This mixed methods design aligns with your pragmatic worldview by providing a comprehensive understanding through diverse data sources, combining managerial insights with customer perceptions, and triangulating findings for robust conclusions."


For your reference: a 3 step method to produce a dissertation proposal













** This note is an example on step 2 of the 3-step method.


A collection of blog notes on using chatgpt for research purpose.